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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
STUDY THE BLOOD COAGULOPATHY AND PULMONARY EMBOLISM IN
CHRONIC LIVER CIRRHOSIS
By
Aly Rafea,1 Khaled Wagih,2 Hasan Amin,3 Rokia El-Sabagh,4 Samia Yousef 4
1Chest, 4 Physical Therapy Departments, El Mataria Teaching Hospital, 2Chest department, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams
University, 3 Chest department, Faculty of medicine Cairo university, Egypt
Correspondence to: Aly Rafea, Email: ali.rafeah@yahoo.com
Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications are a major problem after upper abdominal surgery. They lead to a
prolonged hospital stay as well as increased costs and are one of the main causes of early postoperative morbidity andmortality.
Aim of study: This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of two various methods in the management of upper
abdominal surgery to improve respiratory function and to control postoperative pulmonary complications after upper
abdominal surgery.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on sixty female patients who had undergone upper abdominal surgery in
the department of general surgery in EL Mataria Teaching Hospital, their age ranged between 20 to 50 years ; patients were
randomly assigned into three equal groups: Group A: twenty patients received triflo training program (flow–oriented
incentive spirometer); group B: twenty patients received coach training program (volume– oriented incentive spirometer);
group C: twenty patients received traditional chest physical therapy program. Spirometry measurements in form of FVC and FEV1 were taken for all three groups preoperative, at the 1st and at the 7th day postoperatively. Results: The current study
revealed a significant improvement in FVC and FEV1, at the 7th day postoperatively in the three groups of the study, the
highest percentage of improvement in both respiratory variables was seen in group B which received volume–oriented
incentive spirometer training program.
Abbreviations: FVC: Forced Vital Capacity, FEV1: Forced Expiratory Volume in first second.
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